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\u4f5c\u51fa\u9009\u62e9,\u66f4\u4e0d\u80fd\u4e3b\u52a8\u6539\u53d8\u6216\u6539\u9020\u73af\u5883\u3002\u884c\u4e3a\u6cbb \u7597\u5b66\u5bb6\u76f8\u4fe1\u4eba\u7c7b\u6240\u6709\u884c\u4e3a,\u5305\u62ec\u9002\u5e94\u4e0d\u826f\u884c\u4e3a,\u90fd \u662f\u5b66\u4e60\u5f97\u6765\u3002Eysenck( I960)\u6307\u5c80\uff1a\u5f53\u4e8b\u4eba\u7684\u5b98 \u80fd\u75c7\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5b66\u4e60\u6765\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u6a21\u5f0f\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\u7f57\u6770\u65af\u57281951\u5e74\u5c80\u7248\u7684\u300a\u5f53\u4e8b\u4eba\u4e2d\u5fc3\u7597 \u6cd5\u300b (Clien t -Centered Therapy ) \u4e00\u4e66 , \u7b2c\u4e00 \u6b21\u5c06 \u5fc3 \u7406\u54a8\u8be2\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e3a\u201c \u5f53\u4e8b\u4eba\u201d, \u5e76\u7528\u201c \u5f53\u4e8b\u4eba ( Client )\u201d \u4e00\u8bcd\u53d6\u4ee3\u4e86\u201c \u75c5\u4eba( Patient)\u201d \u3002<sup>[1]<\/sup> \u8fd9\u4e00\u4e3e \u63aa\u4e0d\u4ec5\u662f\u8bed\u4e49\u4e0a\u7684,\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u662f\u6807\u660e\u4e86\u2014\u2014\u2014\u5fc3\u7406 \u54a8\u8be2\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u4e0d\u518d\u662f\u533b\u5b66\u610f\u4e49\u4e0a\u7684\u751f\u7269\u4f53, \u800c\u662f\u5fc3 \u7406\u5b66\u610f\u4e49\u4e0a\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u4f53,\u540c\u65f6\u610f\u5473\u7740, \u5fc3\u7406\u54a8\u8be2\u6240\u9075 \u5faa\u7684\u6a21\u5f0f\u662f\u6559\u80b2\u6a21\u5f0f\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u533b\u5b66\u6a21\u5f0f\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u5b58\u5728\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\u628a\u795e\u7ecf\u75c7\u770b\u505a\u662f\u4e27\u5931\u5b58\u5728\u611f,\u9020 \u6210\u4e86\u610f\u8bc6\u8303\u56f4\u72ed\u7a84,\u963b\u788d\u4e86\u4e2a\u4eba\u6f5c\u5728\u80fd\u529b\u7684\u53d1\u6325\u3002 \u201c \u5b58\u5728\u632b\u6298\u201d\u6216\u201c \u5b58\u5728\u7a7a\u865a\u201d, \u4e43\u662f\u627e\u4e0d\u5230\u751f\u6d3b\u610f\u4e49 \u6240\u5bfc\u81f4\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u3002 \u5185\u759a\u662f\u6765\u81ea\u4e8e\u4e00\u79cd\u672a\u5b8c\u6210\u611f, \u6216 \u8005\u8bf4\u610f\u8bc6\u5230\u81ea\u5df1\u6ca1\u6709\u6210\u4e3a\u60f3\u6210\u4e3a\u7684\u4eba\u3002 \u5fc3\u7406\u5065\u5eb7 \u7684\u4eba\u80fd\u591f\u53d1\u6325\u5c80\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\u7684\u5168\u90e8\u6f5c\u5728\u529b,\u5982\u679c\u4eba\u4e0d \u80fd\u5728\u4e00\u5b9a\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u53d1\u6325\u5c80\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u6f5c\u5728\u529b, \u5c31\u4f1a\u5f97\u75c5\u3002 \u5fc3\u7406\u75be\u75c5\u88ab\u770b\u505a\u662f\u4e60\u5f97\u7684,\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5185\u5728\u7684\u632b\u6298, \u6216 \u662f\u4e0d\u80fd\u6210\u4e3a\u81ea\u5df1\u6240\u80fd\u6210\u4e3a\u7684\u4eba\u800c\u5bfc\u81f4\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7efc\u4e0a\u6240\u8ff0,\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f52\u7eb3\u5c80:\u73b0\u4ee3\u54a8\u8be2\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u7684\u5bf9 \u8c61\u662f\u7531\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u6240\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u9002\u5e94\u56f0\u96be\u8005\u3002 \u4ed6\u4eec\u6b63 \u5728\u53d7\u7740\u60c5\u7eea\u7684\u56f0\u6270\u6216\u662f\u6b63\u5728\u6709\u7740\u4e0d\u53ef\u63a7\u5236\u7684\u95ee\u9898 \u884c\u4e3a\u5e76\u81ea\u89c9\u5230\u8fd9\u79cd\u5fc3\u8eab\u72b6\u6001, \u4ed6\u4eec\u6709\u6539\u53d8\u8fd9\u79cd\u5fc3 \u8eab\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u613f\u671b\u548c\u6709\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u5408\u4f5c\u80fd\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>3\u76ee\u6807\u548c\u8fc7\u7a0b\u5fc3\u7406\u54a8\u8be2\u548c\u5fc3\u7406\u6cbb\u7597\u53ef\u4ee5 \u5e72\u4ec0\u4e48\u3001\u80fd\u591f\u5e72\u4ec0\u4e48 \u3001\u5b83\u5230\u5e95\u8981\u5e72 \u4ec0\u4e48? \u95ee\u8fd9\u4e9b \u95ee \u9898\u81ea\u7136\u5c31\u6d89\u53ca\u5230\u5fc3\u7406\u54a8\u8be2\u7684\u5b9e\u8d28\u548c\u5b83\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u76ee \u6807\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u90e8\u5206\u54a8\u8be2\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u7684\u77e5\u540d\u4ee3\u8868\u4eba\u7269\u5bf9\u5fc3 \u7406\u54a8\u8be2\u5b9e\u8d28\u548c\u76ee\u6807\u7684\u770b\u6cd5, \u5728\u5404\u79cd\u770b\u6cd5\u4e4b\u4e2d,\u867d\u5b58 \u5728\u7740\u4e00\u5b9a\u7a0b\u5ea6\u7684\u5dee\u5f02, \u4f46\u540c\u65f6\u5374\u53c8\u6709\u4e0d\u5c11\u76f8\u4f3c\u548c \u91cd\u53e0\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5fc3\u7406\u54a8\u8be2\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fc7\u7a0b, \u5176\u95f4\u54a8\u8be2\u8005\u4e0e\u5f53\u4e8b\u4eba \u5f00\u653e\u81ea\u5df1,\u751a\u81f3\u53ef\u4ee5\u6b63\u89c6\u81ea\u5df1\u8fc7\u53bb\u66fe\u5426\u5b9a\u7684\u7ecf\u9a8c, \u7136\u540e\u628a\u90a3\u4e9b\u7ecf\u9a8c\u878d\u5408\u4e8e\u5df2\u7ecf\u8f6c\u53d8\u4e86\u7684\u81ea\u5df1,\u4f5c\u5c80 \u7edf\u5408\u3002(\u7f57\u6770\u65af 1940)<\/p>\n<p>\u5fc3\u7406\u54a8\u8be2\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5c80\u73b0\u5728\u67d0\u79cd\u201c\u4e00\u5bf9\u4e00\u5173\u7cfb\u201d\u4e2d \u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b, \u5728\u8fd9\u5173\u7cfb\u4e2d,\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\u88ab\u96be\u9898\u6240\u56f0\u6270, \u81ea\u5df1\u65e0\u6cd5\u5e94\u4ed8, \u56e0 \u6b64\u9700 \u8981\u53e6\u4e00\u4f4d\u53d7 \u8fc7\u4e13 \u4e1a\u8bad\u7ec3 \u5de5 \u4f5c\u7684\u4eba\u6765\u534f\u52a9\u4ed6,\u8ba9\u4ed6\u5bf9\u4e2a\u4eba\u9762\u5bf9\u7684\u79cd\u79cd\u56f0\u96be, \u80fd \u591f\u627e\u5230\u89e3\u51b3\u7684\u529e\u6cd5\u3002 (Hahn &amp;Miton1955)<\/p>\n<p>\u5fc3\u7406\u54a8\u8be2\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5173\u7cfb,\u5728\u8fd9\u5173\u7cfb\u4e2d, \u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u4e2a \u4eba\u52aa\u529b\u53bb\u534f\u52a9\u5f53\u4e8b\u4eba\u5bf9\u81ea\u5df1\u9700\u8981\u4f5c\u7684\u51b3\u5b9a\u3001\u8ba1\u5212 \u548c\u9002\u5e94\u7b49\u79cd\u79cd\u6709\u5173\u7684\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4f5c\u5c80\u89e3\u91ca\u3002 (Smith 1955)<\/p>\n<p>\u5fc3\u7406\u54a8\u8be2\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5173\u7cfb,\u5728\u8fd9\u5173\u7cfb\u4e2d, \u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u4e2a \u4eba\u52aa\u529b\u53bb\u534f\u52a9\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\u4e86\u89e3\u548c\u89e3\u51b3\u4e2a\u4eba\u7684\u9002\u5e94\u95ee \u9898;\u800c\u6240\u8c13\u9002\u5e94\u8303\u56f4, \u662f\u5305\u62ec\u4e86\u6559\u80b2\u54a8\u8be2\u3001\u5c31\u5b66\u54a8 \u8be2\u548c\u6709\u5173\u793e\u4f1a\u4e0e\u4e2a\u4f53\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u54a8\u8be2\u3002(English 1958)<\/p>\n<p>\u54a8\u8be2\u4e43\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u4eba\u9645\u5173\u7cfb\u800c\u8fbe\u5230\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u5e2e\u52a9\u8fc7 \u7a0b,\u6559\u80b2\u8fc7\u7a0b\u548c\u589e\u957f\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002 (D.R.Riesman1963)<\/p>\n<p>\u5fc3\u7406\u54a8\u8be2\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fc7\u7a0b,\u900f\u8fc7\u8fd9\u8fc7\u7a0b, \u54a8\u8be2\u5458\u53ef \u4ee5\u534f\u52a9\u5f53\u4e8b\u4eba\u589e\u5f3a\u751f\u6d3b\u7684\u9002\u5e94\u80fd\u529b;\u800c\u4e14,\u54a8\u8be2\u662f \u53d1\u5c55\u6027\u7684,\u900f\u8fc7\u54a8\u8be2,\u53eb\u4eba\u7684\u6f5c\u8d28\u80fd\u5f97\u4ee5\u5145\u5206\u53d1 \u5c55\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u54a8\u8be2\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u4ece\u5fc3\u7406\u4e0a\u8fdb\u884c\u5e2e\u52a9\u7684\u6d3b\u52a8,\u5b83\u96c6 \u4e2d\u4e8e\u81ea\u6211\u540c\u4e00\u611f\u7684\u6210\u957f\u4ee5\u53ca\u6309\u7167\u4e2a\u4eba\u610f\u613f\u8fdb\u884c\u9009 \u62e9\u548c\u4f5c\u5c80\u884c\u52a8\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002 (Tyler1969)<\/p>\n<p>\u5fc3\u7406\u54a8\u8be2\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6559\u5bfc\u4e0e\u5b66\u4e60\u7684\u5386\u7a0b,\u76ee\u7684\u662f \u8981\u5e2e\u52a9\u5f53\u4e8b\u4eba\u5b66\u4e60\u8ba4\u8bc6\u81ea\u5df1\u3002 (Steffre 1970)<\/p>\n<p>\u5fc3\u7406\u54a8\u8be2\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e2e\u52a9\u4eba\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b,\u800c\u5728\u8fd9\u8fc7\u7a0b \u4e2d,\u4e24\u4eba\u6240\u8981\u5efa\u7acb\u7684\u67d0\u79cd\u5173\u7cfb\u4e0d\u4f46\u662f\u5fc5\u9700\u7684\u6761\u4ef6, \u800c\u4e14\u90a3\u5173\u7cfb\u662f\u8db3\u591f\u4ee4\u4eba\u6539\u53d8\u548c\u6210\u957f\u7684\u3002 \u540c\u65f6, \u6211 \u4eec\u8981\u77e5\u9053\u5fc3\u7406\u54a8\u8be2\u662f\u4e3a\u90a3\u4e9b\u7f3a\u4e4f\u4e86\u826f\u597d\u7684\u4eba\u9645\u5173 \u7cfb\u4ee5\u81f4\u4ea7\u751f\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u4eba\u6240\u8fdb\u884c\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u7279\u522b\u7684\u6cbb\u7597\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u54a8\u8be2\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u4eba\u9645\u5173\u7cfb,\u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u5173\u7cfb\u4e2d,\u54a8\u8be2\u4eba \u5458\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u5fc3\u7406\u6c14\u6c1b\u6216\u6761\u4ef6, \u4f7f\u54a8\u8be2\u5bf9\u8c61\u53d1\u751f \u53d8\u5316,\u4f5c\u5c80\u9009\u62e9,\u89e3\u51b3\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u95ee\u9898, \u5e76\u4e14\u5f62\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a \u6709\u8d23\u4efb\u611f\u7684\u72ec\u7acb\u4e2a\u6027,\u4ece\u800c\u6210\u4e3a\u66f4\u597d\u7684\u4eba\u548c\u66f4\u597d \u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u6210\u5458\u3002(Patterson 1974)<\/p>\n<p>\u5fc3\u7406\u54a8\u8be2\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e2e\u52a9\u4eba\u5904\u7406\u56f0\u96be\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b,\u800c \u884c\u4e3a\u54a8\u8be2\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e2e\u52a9\u4eba\u53bb\u5b66\u4e60\u5982\u4f55\u89e3\u51b3\u6709\u5173\u4eba \u9645\u3001\u60c5\u7eea\u548c\u6289\u62e9\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b \u3002 ( Krumboltz 1976)<\/p>\n<p>\u5fc3\u7406\u54a8\u8be2\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fc7\u7a0b,\u5728\u8fd9\u5e2e\u52a9\u5f53\u4e8b\u4eba\u7684\u8fc7\u547d\u4e2d\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u4eba\u7269, \u548c\u5bf9\u73af\u5883\u4e2d \u91cd\u8981\u8303\u7574\u7684 \u611f\u53d7 \u548c \u770b\u6cd5\u3002(Eisenberg &amp; Delaney 1977)<\/p>\n<p>\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u80fd\u7ed9\u4e88\u540e\u8005\u4e00\u79cd\u5b89\u5168\u611f.\u4f7f\u5176\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ece\u5bb9\u5730\u7a0b\u4e2d.\u54a8\u8be2\u5458\u534f\u52a9\u5f53\u4e8b\u4eba\u63a2\u8ba8\u4ed6\u5bf9\u81ea\u5df1.\u5bf9\u5176\u4ed6<\/p>\n<p>\u5fc3\u7406\u54a8\u8be2\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b66\u4e60\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b,\u4e5f\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7cfb\u7edf \u6027\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f,\u54a8\u8be2\u5458\u4e3a\u4e86\u8981\u5e2e\u52a9\u5f53\u4e8b\u4eba\u53bb\u6539\u53d8\u884c\u4e3a, \u4e5f\u5c31\u5f97\u4ecb\u5165\u5f53\u4e8b\u4eba\u7684\u751f\u6d3b,\u62c5\u5f53\u534f\u8c03\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002 (Pietrofesa, Leonard &amp; Hoose 1 978)<\/p>\n<p>\u5fc3\u7406\u54a8\u8be2\u5458\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u662f\u5728\u4e2d\u5c0f\u5b66\u3001\u5b66\u9662\u3001\u5927\u5b66\u3001 \u533b\u9662\u3001\u8bca\u6240\u3001\u5eb7\u590d\u4e2d\u5fc3\u548c\u5de5\u4e1a\u4e2d\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e2a\u522b\u6216\u96c6\u4f53\u7684 \u6307\u5bfc\u548c\u54a8\u8be2\u670d\u52a1, \u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u4eba\u4eec\u5728\u4e2a\u4eba\u3001\u793e\u4f1a\u3001\u6559\u80b2\u3001 \u804c\u4e1a\u7b49\u65b9\u9762\u53d6\u5f97\u66f4\u6709\u6548\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u548c\u6210\u5c31 \u3002(\u7f8e\u300a\u804c \u4e1a \u52b3\u5de5\u624b\u518c\u300b 1965)<\/p>\n<p>\u54a8\u8be2\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u59cb\u7ec8\u9075\u5faa\u7740\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u4e34\u5e8a\u7684 \u6cbb\u7597\u7684\u6216\u662f\u533b\u5b66\u7684 \u6a21\u5f0f\u3002 \u54a8\u8be2\u5bf9\u8c61(\u4e0d\u662f \u751f\u7406 \u60a3 \u8005) \u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u5728\u5e94\u4ed8\u65e5\u5e38\u751f\u6d3b \u4e2d\u7684\u538b\u529b\u548c \u4efb\u52a1 \u65b9 \u9762\u9700\u8981\u5e2e\u52a9\u7684\u6b63\u5e38\u4eba, \u54a8\u8be2\u5fc3\u7406\u5bb6\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u5c31\u662f\u6559 \u4f1a\u4ed6\u4eec\u6a21\u4eff\u67d0\u4e9b\u7b56\u7565\u548c\u65b0\u7684\u884c\u4e3a;\u4ece\u800c\u80fd\u591f\u6700\u5927 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\u6765\u8bf4\u5b83\u662f\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u7684\u548c\u54f2\u5b66\u7684,\u5b83\u6709\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u5bf9 \u8c61\u3001\u6709\u81ea\u5df1\u72ec\u7279\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u65b9\u6cd5\u3001\u4e5f\u6709\u4e00\u5957\u533a\u522b\u4e8e\u5176\u5b83 \u5b66\u79d1\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u63cf\u8ff0\u4f53\u7cfb\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u56fd\u5185\u7684\u5b66\u672f\u6c14\u6c1b\u503e\u5411\u4e8e\u5c06\u5fc3\u7406\u54a8\u8be2\u548c\u5fc3\u7406\u6cbb<\/p>\n<p>\u7597\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e3a\u201c\u533b\u5b66\u6a21\u5f0f\u201d ,\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u6559\u80b2\u6a21\u5f0f, \u90e8\u5206\u5b66\u8005 \u9a84\u50b2\u5730\u5c06\u8fd9\u4e2a\u533b\u5b66\u6a21\u5f0f\u7684\u5fc3\u7406\u54a8\u8be2\u79f0\u4f5c\u201c\u4e2d\u56fd\u7279 \u8272\u7684\u5fc3\u7406\u54a8\u8be2\u201d\u3002\u8ba4\u4e3a\u8fd9\u662f\u6211\u56fd\u7684\u56fd\u60c5\u4e4b\u9700\u8981,\u662f \u7406\u8bba\u8054\u7cfb\u5b9e\u9645\u7684\u8868\u73b0,\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u53d1\u5c55\u548c\u521b\u65b0\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4ece\u79d1\u5b66\u54f2\u5b66\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u6bd4\u8f83\u4e00\u4e0b\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u5b8c\u5168\u4e0d\u540c \u7684\u201c\u54a8\u8be2\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u201d\u662f\u5341\u5206\u6709\u8da3\u7684\u4e5f\u662f\u5341\u5206\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u3002 \u8fd9\u79cd\u6bd4\u8f83\u53ef\u4ee5\u53cd\u601d\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c, \u4f7f\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u5fc3\u7406\u54a8 \u8be2\u4e8b\u4e1a\u8d70\u5411\u79d1\u5b66\u7684\u9053\u8def\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u53c2\u8003\u6587\u732e<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>.Rogers, Client -Centered Therapy , Houghton Mifflin ,<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Boston, 1951<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>.A llen E .lv ey &amp; Ly nn Simek -Dow ning .Co unseling and Psychotherapy , Prent ice-Hall , 1980<\/li>\n<li>\u8d75\u8015\u6e90.\u6f2b\u8bdd\u5fc3\u7406\u533b\u751f.\u5927\u4f17\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66,1994,2:6<\/li>\n<li>\u9ec4\u94ce\u9999.\u5173\u4e8e\u6211\u56fd\u7efc\u5408\u533b\u9662\u5fc3\u7406\u54a8\u8be2\u7279\u8272\u7684\u63a2 \u8ba8.\u5927\u4f17\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66,1994,2:2<\/li>\n<li>\u8d75\u8015\u6e90, \u9ec4\u94ce\u9999.\u533b\u5b66\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u6982\u8bba.\u5e7f\u5dde:\u5e7f\u4e1c\u9ad8 \u6559\u5c80\u7248\u793e,1991,161<\/li>\n<li>\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u62a5.\u536b\u751f\u7cfb\u7edf\u5fc3\u7406\u54a8\u8be2\u4e0e\u5fc3\u7406\u6cbb\u7597\u5de5\u4f5c\u8005 \u6761\u4f8b, 1993, 2:223<\/li>\n<li>\u91d1\u7531\u5e78.\u5e7f\u4e1c\u7701\u5fc3\u7406\u536b\u751f\u534f\u4f1a\u5fc3\u7406\u54a8\u8be2\u4e13\u4e1a\u59d4\u5458 \u4f1a\u5728\u7a57\u6210\u7acb.\u5927\u4f17\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66, 1995<\/li>\n<li>\u8d75\u8015\u6e90.\u6f2b\u8bdd\u5fc3\u7406\u533b\u751f.\u5927\u4f17\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66,1994,2<\/li>\n<li>\u8d75\u8015\u6e90, \u7b49.\u7efc\u5408\u533b\u9662\u5fc3\u7406\u54a8\u8be2\u7684\u7814\u7a76.\u4e2d\u5c71\u533b\u79d1 \u5927\u5b66\u5b66\u62a5, 1992, 13:4<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>(\u6536\u7a3f:1998-07-15)<\/p>\n<p>(\u8d23\u4efb\u7f16\u8f91\u5218\u971e)<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>PDF\u539f\u6587\uff1a\u63d0\u4f9b\u8f85\u5bfc\u8fd8\u662f\u63d0\u4f9b\u836f\u7269\u2014\u2014\u5fc3\u7406\u54a8\u8be2\u548c\u5fc3\u7406\u6cbb\u7597\u7684\u4e24\u4e2a\u6d3e\u522b\u2014\u2014\u738b\u5fd7\u8d85 \u2022\u533b\u5b66\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u3002 \u63d0\u4f9b\u8f85\u5bfc\u8fd8\u662f\u63d0\u4f9b\u836f 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